Can Dogs Eat Corn?

Dogs and corn may seem like an unlikely pairing. But if you’ve ever caught your dog sneaking over to the trash can and digging out the kernels, you’ve probably wondered if you should worry. 

Can dogs eat corn? 

The short answer is yes. Dogs can eat corn. Corn makes up about 40% of the typical canine commercial food in the U.S. 

Although they are generally safe for your dog, you should be aware of the risks and benefits of your dog eating corn (raw or cooked, sweet or field.) This article provides information about what variety of corn your dog can eat and why you should use caution when feeding certain types of corn.

Is It Advisable For My Dog To Eat Corn?

Before feeding corn to your dog, It is necessary to know that every dog is different, and some might have a more sensitive stomach than others. However, if you want to feed your pup some corn, there are a few things to keep in mind. 

  • Ensure not to feed it too much, as this can cause digestive problems
  • Watch out for corn husks, which can sometimes contain pesticides or mold and could make your dog sick. 
  • Try boiling the corn first to kill bacteria on the cob before giving it to them. 
  • Remember that anything you give your dog should make up less than 10% of its diet since its system has not adjusted to eating so many carbs at once. 
  • Be careful about what kind of corn you give it because certain types may contain high levels of preservatives or salt. 

Can Dogs Eat Corn: What Nutritional Value Does Corn Have For Dogs?

Corn provides nutrients like protein, carbohydrates, and fiber, which are necessary to keep your pup healthy. There’s no reason you should avoid feeding your dog corn.

Carbohydrates 

Corn is a good source of carbohydrates for dogs. These carbohydrates are gluten-free, meaning they have minimal effect on blood sugar levels. Corn is safe for your dog to eat in small amounts if it has diabetes or another condition that affects its blood sugar level. 

Also, Some breeds (Cocker Spaniels) might enjoy avoiding too much sugar because of specific health problems. In the small intestine, carbohydrates turn into glucose molecules. The majority of cells use glucose as their primary energy source. 

The body needs glucose to produce rapid energy, and the brain and neurological system also need it to operate normally. It can store a particular type of glucose called glycogen for later consumption. 

Vitamins & Minerals 

Several vitamins and minerals are present in corn in reasonable amounts. Notably, the quantity varies depending on the type of maize. Generally speaking, sweet corn is higher in numerous vitamins than popcorn, which is richer in minerals. 

You want the best for your dog when it comes to its nutrition. Your dog needs these essential vitamins and minerals in corn to grow. They perform some specific functions. Some vitamins and mineral components in corn include;

  • Manganese: It aids in the preservation and health of bones and cartilage.
  • Vitamin B6: It is essential for producing red blood cells, nerve function, hormone regulation, and gene activation.
  • Folate: It ensures that cells grow during your pup’s early age and pregnancy. It also manages blood homocysteine levels and uses amino acids to create new proteins.
  • Pantothenic Acid: It activates and controls the metabolism of dogs. It also optimizes the energy supply to nerve cells and nerve fibers. Regulating the growth processes of puppies is the function it plays.
  • Niacin: They are present In oxidative-reduction processes that catabolize glucose and amino acids. Numerous clinical indications of shortages include dermatitis, oral mucosal ulcers, and diarrhea.
  • Potassium: Facilitates electrical charges in the heart, neurons, and muscles. If there is a deficiency, you may notice that it is constantly exhausted or that your dog has no appetite.
  • Phosphorus: Your dog’s body requires phosphorus for strong bones, teeth, and normal metabolism. It also works with calcium to support equilibrium in its body. 
  • Zinc: The immune system and the thyroid depend on zinc for proper operation. For dogs, deficiency can lead to issues such as easily Infected, abnormal metabolism, and lack of sexual activities.
  • Copper: It aids in iron absorption and red blood cell production. Additionally, it has a role in developing connective tissue, skin, and hair pigmentation. Deficiency might result in skeletal and muscular issues.
  • Magnesium: it is one of the essential nutrients in cellular energy production. Magnesium is necessary to enable the transfer of energy that occurs whenever your pet contracts a muscle, beats its heart, or thinks.

Fibers

Dietary fiber is essential for leading a healthy lifestyle. In contrast to other starches, it is difficult for the small intestine to digest them. Since they typically undergo fermentation in the large intestine, it requires much more time to digest than other carbs.

Fiber also helps generate firm, well-formed stools in your pup by adding mass and absorbing extra water. This function promotes intestinal regularity. They also help maintain a healthy intestinal pH. This PH inhibits the growth of dangerous bacteria in your dog’s digestive system.

Fiber is beneficial for diabetic dogs as it helps regulate blood glucose levels and lessens fluctuations. A fermentable fiber in dog foods can also control or promote weight loss. In addition, it promotes gut health.

Finally, the fiber found in corn supports healthy digestion. It regulates bowel movements, prevents constipation, and keeps the stool soft and easy to pass. Fiber lowers cholesterol levels. 

Protein And Amino Acids

Corn is a good source of protein and amino acids. The protein content varies between 10-15% depending on the type (sweet, waxy, flint, flour, dent, and pop). Zeins make up part of the protein composition in maize. Their overall protein quality is subpar because they are deficient in many crucial amino acids. 

Proteins for dogs are crucial and should be part of their diet. The amino acids from protein support strong muscles, good skin, hair, and tissue repair. They aid immune system support and create enzymes, antibodies, and hormones. 

Protein and amino acids perform other functions, such as preserving and mending tissues (skin, muscle, bone, and hair). They are also a source of calories for your pup to maintain energy levels. 

If you provide a balanced diet designed with its need for protein in mind, your canine friend will stay healthy.

Antioxidant

Corn is a source of antioxidants, which support the immune system. Colorful fruits and vegetables contain a variety of antioxidants in large quantities. But according to some sources, corn has twice the number of antioxidants as spinach

Antioxidants for dogs and cats work to shield its body from the harm that radicals can wreak. When it comes to keeping your pet healthy, they are essential. Vitamins C and E are the most common antioxidants in corn. Some of the antioxidants in corn include.

  • Vitamin E: It promotes a dog’s healthy immune system, muscles, heart, liver, nerves, and skin. It also improves cell membrane stability which plays a role in the therapy of canine discomfort.
  • Vitamin C: It supports healthy aging, lower inflammation, and helps reduce dangerous free radicals in your dog’s body. Additionally, vitamin C helps boost its vitality, support its immune system, and help dogs with UTIs.
  • Ferulic Acid: it promotes the development of healthy skin in dogs. Skin irritation and other skin-related issues can result from its deficiencies.
  • Anthocyanins: They have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antiviral qualities, which can prevent viral infections.
  • Zeaxanthin and Lutein: Support eye health and further guard against retinal aging.

Fatty Acids

Fatty acids are essential to your dog’s diet, both in nutritional content and cost-effectiveness. They are organic compounds that make up the building blocks for fats. 

The body cannot produce them independently, so your pup must get them through diet. Dietary fatty acids are in meats, dairy products, and plant oils (corn oil and sunflower oil.) 

Essential fatty acids can be divided into Omega-3 and Omega-6 varieties. The benefits of fatty acids for dogs are numerous and include the following;

  • They support healthy aging, lower inflammation, and help minimize dangerous free radicals in your dog’s body.
  • Fatty acids help boost your dog’s vitality, support its immune system, and help dogs with UTIs.   
  • They promote the development of healthy skin in dogs. Skin irritation and other skin-related issues can result from its deficiencies.

Is Corn On The Cob Safe For My Dog To Eat?

While dogs eat corn kernels, eating corn on the cob can be risky as it can swallow their cobs. Cut the corn off the cob and offer it as dog treats or include it in its food if you wish to share it with it. 

Corn cobs contain vitamins and minerals. Many dog owners let their dogs eat corn cobs as treats. However, this might not be good for your dog’s health. The problem is that they are hard for dogs to digest. 

It needs to chew them up before it swallows them, which can cause digestive issues in some dogs and even vomiting.

What Happens If A Dog Eats A Corn Cob?

Corn on the cob is probably one of the most dangerous things you can feed your dog. While corn kernels have some nutritional benefits and aren’t bad, corn cobs can cause severe illness or even death to your beloved pooch. Here are some effects of your dog eating corn cobs.

Bowel Obstruction

If a dog eats corn cobs, it can lead to bowel obstruction. Several objects like toys, bones, and corn cobs can block the small or large intestines in dogs. This blockage is bowel obstruction. 

When this occurs, your dog’s digestive system cannot process solids and liquids. There may be perforations along the digestive tract due to the obstruction-causing item. 

Corn cobs have insoluble materials which are hard to digest. The dog may poop hard, and this can become lodged in the intestines. It will require surgery to remove the obstruction. The dog may also have dehydration and pain due to corn cobs in its digestive system.

Sickness

Your Dog can get a stomach ache when it eats something that’s not right. It’s essential to watch out for any signs that your pet may have eaten something it shouldn’t have. The best way to prevent this is to keep toxic substances away from your dogs.

If you notice any symptoms after your dog has eaten corn cobs, you need to get it checked out by a vet. He will likely do blood and urine tests to check for signs of illness and determine if anything is wrong with your pet’s health.

Frequent Vomiting

After your dog eats corn cobs, you should watch for vomiting and diarrhea. Your pup may puke corn cobs from its stomach, and small amounts of dog food may come up with it. 

Vomiting is a sign something is wrong with the stomach, but it’s not always easy to tell what caused it. Have your pup relax to stop the vomiting before calling your veterinarian if your dog ate something that can induce vomiting or diarrhea.

Tiredness And Lethargy

If a dog eats corn cobs, it can lead to Lethargy. Lethargy is a condition that affects dogs and cats. The symptoms include a lack of energy, decreased activity, and appetite. Lethargy can also be due to other health issues like illness or stress.

If your dog has eaten corn cobs, it’s necessary to watch for signs of weakness as soon as possible. If you notice any symptoms, contact your veterinarian immediately.

Addisonian Crisis

A dog with a large mass in its abdomen is likely to face this disorder. The condition is a medical emergency that can occur in humans and animals. It results in low blood pressure, shock, and sometimes death. 

Dogs with Addisonian crisis display symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, weakness, and anorexia. If you suspect your dog has this crisis, contact your veterinarian immediately to take the necessary steps to stabilize your pet.

Abdominal Pain Or Soreness

If your dog eats corn cobs, you should contact your veterinarian as soon as possible. If it enters the throat or gastrointestinal tract, it can cause obstruction or blockage. 

Abdominal pain or soreness is the most common sign your dog has eaten something indigestible like corn cobs. You may also notice vomiting, diarrhea, or blood in your pet’s stools. The best way to prevent dogs from eating corn cobs is to keep them out of their reach. 

If you suspect your dog has eaten corn cobs, look for signs like abdominal pain or tenderness when you check his abdomen. If you see any of these symptoms, rush your pet to the vet for examination and treatment.

How Much Corn Is Safe For Dogs?

When feeding your dog, it’s best to provide good quality food. However, an occasional treat isn’t harmful. It’s essential to check how much you feed it, as too many corn cobs could lead to obesity which can cause health problems such as blockage or vomiting. 

The type of corn will also determine how healthy it is for your pup. Although dogs eat canned corn, it is a bad option because they contain high sugar and carbohydrates. 

Corns can make your dog gain weight quickly, even when eaten in moderation. Raw corn kernels are better but should only be in small quantities due to the hard husks and the possible presence of pesticides on the outside. 

Some dangers of excessive corn eating for your dog include;

Diabetes Mellitus

This complication can come with a diet high in corn. The most common form of diabetes, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, is linked to obesity and is usually seen in dogs. Signs include frequent urination and drinking lots of water, increased hunger, and weakness. 

It can lead to diabetic ketoacidosis (increased blood acidity), which can be life-threatening for your pup. The condition can also cause kidney failure and blindness if left untreated. Diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disorder in which the body produces too little insulin or none due to a shortage of insulin cells.

Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic (HH)

This condition is fatal in dogs. It occurs when sugar imbalance is in the blood, and the animal’s body cannot use it properly. This imbalance can occur when your dog consumes large amounts of carbohydrates without enough water. 

The sugar builds up in the bloodstream instead of using them as energy. This condition leads to dehydration. It causes the cells to die because they don’t have enough water and sugar to function correctly. Signs that your dog may have this condition include;

  • Weakness
  • Vomiting
  • Increased thirst
  • Frequent urination
  • Difficulty breathing

Development Of Obesity And Osteoarthritis

Obesity and osteoarthritis are two of the many dangers that can result from excessive consumption of corn. Corn is a common ingredient in most dog foods, so it can be hard to notice that your pup has had too much. 

When an animal overeats, it will start to gain weight and become lethargic. This disorder can lead to many health problems like arthritis, diabetes, and cancer. For this reason, you need to monitor how much you feed your pet daily.

Hepatic Lipidosis (HL)

This condition occurs when a dog ingests too much corn over a long period. The fat accumulates in the liver and prevents it from functioning. This condition results in the liver becoming inflamed and scarred, which is fatal. 

Symptoms include weight gain, yellowing eyes and gums, vomiting, diarrhea, depression, and irritability. This disorder can result in death within days or weeks of initial symptoms appearing. 

HL is life-threatening because it results in severely impaired liver function and kidney, heart, or brain failure. Unlike humans, our canine companions need to be watchful of this disorder.

Can Dogs Consume Corn In The Form Of Popcorn?

If you’re like many people, you might be wondering this after your dog is staring longingly at the bowl of popcorn you’re eating. This treat is the same as corn, a common type of grain in many processed dog diets. 

When dried and heated, they pop into fluffy, white popcorn! The common types are mushroom popcorn and butterfly corn. Mushroom popcorn is more rounded and in popcorn tins and candied popcorn mixtures. Butterfly popcorn is the spread-out variety seen in microwave and theater popcorn, the common ones.

Popcorn is safe for dogs, especially unseasoned air popped popcorn with no oil, salt, sugar, and butter. If you have doubts, it’s best to keep your dog away from popcorn. Sharing popcorn with your dog is risky primarily because of its preparation.

Feeding your dogs with regular buttered and tasty popcorn comes with several issues, such as;

  • Gastrointestinal issues
  • Heart diseases
  • Cancer
  • Hypertension
  • Obesity
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • High blood pressure
  • Vomiting 
  • Diarrhea 

It may be a good idea to switch its treats with natural alternatives such as homemade doggie biscuits and fresh vegetables. With the proper research, we’re sure you’ll agree that all dogs need something crunchy to chew regularly. Try substituting new veggies in your pup’s diet or baking delicious homemade doggie biscuits. But if you insist on giving your dog this treat, consider the following tips.

  • Use a microwave instead of the stovetop, or an electric popper, which requires butter and seasoning.
  • Add no additives or sugar to it before feeding it to your dog.
  • Ensure you separate the well-popped kernel before feeding it.
  • Before including any treats, check your dog’s daily calorie allowance and modify meals as necessary. 
  • Never give your dog too much popcorn to prevent upsetting the appropriate balance of nutrients in its diet. 
  • Don’t hesitate to contact your veterinarian immediately if you notice any strange symptoms after feeding it.

Is My Dog Safe To Eat Corn Husks?

It’s a common question and one that has many different answers. While dogs can eat corn husk, it is not advisable for it. Corn husks are the outer layers of a corn kernel. They fall off after harvesting, and most people discard them as they’re not edible for humans. 

Dogs love them so much they will chew on them even after spraying with insecticides or pesticides. When you’re in the backyard grilling some corn on the cob and your dog is nearby, it may try to sneak off with one of the husks as it’s falling off the corn cob onto the ground.

If you don’t want your pet eating corn husks, Here are a few tips that can help.

  • Keep the dog away from the area where it’s eating. 
  • Invest in a sturdy outdoor fence with top bars to keep the dog from jumping over it. 
  • Put them in a trash can with a lid where your pet can’t reach them.
  • Provide your dog with plenty of exercises to ensure he doesn’t have as much energy for chewing on things like corn husks. 
  • Give it chew toys instead of furniture to gnaw on when feeling anxious or bored.

Can Dogs Consume Sweetcorn?

Sweetcorn is an American summertime staple. It is a type of maize that has more sugar. In contrast to field corn varieties, which you harvest when the kernels are dried and fully developed and utilized for grain, you can select these treats when the vegetable is still in its immature stage. 

Many backyard barbecues feature it as a side dish, and if you’re familiar with American cookouts, you’ve probably had it yourself. However, can dogs eat sweet corn? 

In general, dogs eat sweet corn. However, there is no specific answer as to whether or not your dog can eat sweet corn. Several breeds of dogs are allergic to the substances in corn, and you should avoid giving it sweet corn. 

If your dog has a history of intestinal problems, it is best to avoid giving it any form of corn at all. If you have any concerns about whether or not your dog can eat sweet corn, consult with a veterinarian before feeding it. 

Some helpful tips when giving your pup sweetcorn include;

  • Remove the kernels from the cob before feeding it to your dog, which will help to avoid choking hazards. 
  • If you want to give it corn on the cob, cut them into small pieces before feeding it to your dog.
  • Soak the corn in water for a few minutes to soften it, as hard corn can be difficult for dogs to digest.
  • Slice the corn into smaller pieces, as big pieces can be a choking hazard and cause severe abdominal issues.
  • Avoid feeding your dog too much, as it can cause gastrointestinal issues.
  • Ensure to properly cook the kernels before feeding them to your pup, as uncooked corn can give it indigestion. 
  • Check for signs of an allergic reaction after your dog has eaten it for the first time, such as vomiting or diarrhea.
  • Avoid feeding your dog sweetcorn covered in butter, salt, or other seasonings, as they are toxic to its health.

Is Kettle Corn Safe For Dogs?

Kettle corn is a candy that uses heated sugar to create a sweet caramelized coating. You can prepare it by stirring heated sugar and oil in a large pot over an open flame until the mixture reaches 300 degrees Fahrenheit. 

The whole process takes about 15 minutes from start to finish. Once the kettle corn has reached the desired color and texture, it’s removed from the heat and tossed with salt and butter before serving. 

Are they healthy for your dog? The short answer is No! We all know that dogs love treats. But what might not be obvious is how harmful some of these snacks can be. Kettle Corn seems harmless enough on the surface. 

It’s popped in oil and salted, but there are a few dangers that we need to keep in mind. The first danger is that kettle corn could contain a mold called aflatoxin. Aflatoxins cause cancer in animals and humans. 

Kettle Corn also has an added risk because it has the buttery salt seasoning and other fatty flavor enhancers often used in human food. These seasonings can cause weight-related issues for your dog.

Are Corn Muffins Safe For Dogs?

Corn muffins are small, sweet, moist quick bread, typically served for breakfast or as an accompaniment to a meal. They’re from cornmeal and other ingredients like flour, sugar, eggs, and butter. 

The batter can be poured into a pan or pie plate and baked in the oven at 350°F until they are golden brown on the edges. Corn muffin recipes can range from simple to sophisticated. 

Some popular variations include blueberry corn muffins with buttery streusel topping or pumpkin spice corn muffins with a sweet streusel filling. Should your dog avoid this treat? Well, the answer depends on how you prepared the muffins. For your dog’s safety, it’s vital to ensure that anything you feed is safe. 

While some treats are fine, others may be harmful to its health if it over eats them or is allergic to the ingredients in the treats. Corn muffins make a tasty treat as human food, but not all are safe for dogs

Some tips to guide you when preparing corn muffins for your dog include;

  • Only use ingredients that are safe for your dog to eat. For example, ensure the cornmeal is gluten-free or that the butter is dairy free.
  • Feed it muffins sparingly, taking into account its daily calorie requirements.
  • Make sure you prepare the muffins in a way that is safe for them. For example, if you bake the muffins, ensure the oven is at a lower temperature.
  • Check the ingredients list. Ensure that the treats don’t have any artificial colors or flavors.

Can My Dog Consume Cornmeal?

Dogs can and cannot consume several types of human food, but cornmeal seems the most confusing. Some dog owners may think cornmeal is an okay treat or snack, while others may believe otherwise for their pets. 

What are the facts about cornmeal? Cornmeal is a finely ground cereal grain. It originates from several types of corn, but it usually comes from yellow or white maize. In the United States, most corn meal is wheat-enriched. 

There is ground wheat and finely ground corn in corn meal, which makes them have a better texture when cooking. Wheat-enriched cornmeal is also more nutritious and contains more protein than regular cornmeal. The word corn, in this case, does not refer to the kind of vegetable found on some people’s dinner plates!

Is cornmeal safe? Only in small amounts, as an occasional treat. They can cause an upset stomach, vomiting, or diarrhea. Since cornmeal is a cereal grain, your dog shouldn’t consume them if it has any allergy to grains. 

It also should not be fed to dogs with sensitive stomachs as it may irritate the stomach lining. Some of the signs your dogs may be allergic to grains include;

  • Rough coat
  • Skin that is dry or itchy Weight issues
  • Diarrhea
  • Vomiting whenever it eats corn
  • Discomfort
  • Weight problems
  • infected ears

Are Corn Chips Safe For dogs? 

No! Corn chips are not safe for dogs. Their composition includes cornmeal, salt, and oil. It has no essential nutrient that is helpful to your dog. It is a type of snack food made from corn, and they come in many shapes and sizes. 

Some are more chip-like, while others are thin and flat. They can be eaten alone or used as a topping for other human food, such as chili or soups. Corn chips are usually very salty and crunchy, which is why some people call them crunchy crackers.

Is Cornbread Safe For My Dog?

In essence, cornbread and corn muffins are similar. Instead of using a muffin pan, a skillet or baking dish does the baking. You should take proper care when preparing cornbread and follow the same tips mentioned above. 

Also, give your dog cornbread occasionally to avoid obesity and weight issues for your dog. Despite not being nutritional, they are a safe treat. But refrain from feeding your dog cornbread daily.

Why Is Corn Bad For Dogs?

Although dogs eat corn kernels, they pose a risk of harm to it. In some circumstances, letting your dog eat corn would be a bad idea and might even be harmful. Here are some reasons why corn may be bad for your dog.

Allergies

Sensitivity is a common health concern for dogs. While not all allergies are the same, most result from a reaction between your dog’s body and food. Feeding your dog a brand of dog food containing maize or corn-derived products can make it develop corn allergies

Other factors include an overactive immune system that attacks the body’s innocuous substances. Also, change in the environment or a chemical imbalance in the gut, difficulty digesting some food components, and recurrent exposure to substances the body perceives as allergens. 

Corn can cause several types of allergies in dogs. Some signs of corn allergy include:

  • Body aches and pains
  • Bruising of the skin
  • Pet paw-biting
  • Hives
  • Excessive Itching
  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea

Once you’ve diagnosed your dog’s allergy as because of corn, it will be crucial to maintain it free of allergies. You should avoid corn and all products that include maize. You may need to research dog foods, which are specifically free of corn ingredients. 

Finally, contact your vet’s recommendation before introducing any new feed or treats to your dog.

Diabetic Dogs

You may have heard that dogs with diabetes should avoid eating sugar and white potatoes because they can raise blood sugar levels too much. Although corn is not as high in starch as other carbohydrates, a diabetic dog can develop problems with its pancreas if you feed it corn. Some signs that your diabetic dog has had excessive corn include;

  • Vomiting
  • Diarrhea
  • Sweating
  • Increased urination

While Diabetic dogs need lifelong management, avoiding starch and sugar is the best option. Always remember the secret to managing diabetic pets is keeping their blood sugar levels close to normal and avoiding dangerously high or low levels.

FAQs 

Can dogs eat corn on the cob cooked?

No! Dogs shouldn’t eat corn on the cob even after cooking them. Feeding your dog corn is a great way to provide it with another treat. However, you must be careful not to give it corn cobs. 

Corn on the cob can be dangerous for dogs, as it can cause serious digestive problems. The best thing you can do is Ensure your dog only eats a little corn and wait until it finishes eating before giving it more. 

Can I feed canned corn to my dog?

Yes, dogs eat canned corn. The main concern is the amount of sugar in corn and whether or not it is going to cause a problem for your dog. Frozen corn is also not bad.

Canned corn is a good source of protein, fiber, and other essential nutrients. It’s also one of the few vegetables your dogs can eat in moderation because they’re low in fat and calories.

Corn contains a lot of starch which can cause digestive upset if consumed in large amounts. If your dog has a history of pancreatitis or other digestive issues, he should not have any canned or fresh corn products.

Conclusion 

No! Your dog should not eat corn. The rationale behind why it shouldn’t is simple: it doesn’t need it. Dogs already get plenty of nutrients from their fish-based kibble and other ingredients and can live without eating corn. Dogs love corn, but not all corn is safe for your dog. There are different types of corn, and your dog cannot distinguish between good and bad corn. We hope this blog post has helped you learn more about the corn varieties and how they may affect your dog’s health. Too much human food is inadequate for a dog’s diet.

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*photo by smereka – depositphotos